Which term corresponds to a system where public jobs are awarded to supporters?

Which term corresponds to a system where public jobs are awarded to supporters?

• A. Patronage System
• B. Merit System
• C. Civil Service
• D. Spoils System

Answer: (A)

Patronage describes the practice of awarding public jobs to political supporters and allies as a reward for loyalty, rather than selecting employees based on merit. This system uses government positions as incentives to secure political support and maintain influence, so hiring decisions hinge on affiliation and service to the party rather than qualifications or expertise. In contrast, the merit system emphasizes qualifications and competence in hiring, and civil service refers to a professional, rules-based workforce protected from political pressures. The spoils system is often used to describe this same idea after an election, but patronage is the broader term that captures the concept of rewarding supporters with offices.

Patronage describes the practice of awarding public jobs to political supporters and allies as a reward for loyalty, rather than selecting employees based on merit. This system uses government positions as incentives to secure political support and maintain influence, so hiring decisions hinge on affiliation and service to the party rather than qualifications or expertise. In contrast, the merit system emphasizes qualifications and competence in hiring, and civil service refers to a professional, rules-based workforce protected from political pressures. The spoils system is often used to describe this same idea after an election, but patronage is the broader term that captures the concept of rewarding supporters with offices.